Women in Agriculture 

Tape #331 - Women in Leadership

 

...to the Administrators Office, i.e., my office.  Congress has also given the secretary and the secretary ... who has delegated it to my office as responsibility, the oversight of all of these research and promotion and marketing order boards, which is going to be the gist of my presentation this afternoon.

 

I would first like to thank LeAnn Powell of the US Department of Agriculture and those who assisted her for the outstanding performance in organizing this conference.  I also would like to applaud those who created this annual conference, and it looks like it’s a very successful conference up to now.  I’m sure it provides the opportunity for women in agriculture from around the world to come together to share and learn with other and those of us honored to be addressing you.  No doubt each of you will find this week to be invaluable.  You will take back with you to your own countries knowledge and insights you have gained from meeting with your counterparts from other nations.  It is my goal today to provide you with an understanding of how the United States Department of Agriculture and the AG Industry cooperate to promote and market various commodities.  To research new ways to produce them and use them and to stabilize markets.  I will emphasize that women have an expanding and important role to play in the various boards and committees that carry out these cooperative efforts.  I’d like to encourage those of you from this country to seek on opportunities to serve on these boards and committees.  And I would like to suggest that women in agriculture world-wide seek out similar opportunities in their own nations. 

 


Let me first speak with regards to research and promotion boards.  In the United States there are two types of government authorized panels that offer opportunities for women to help expand markets for agricultural products and to help ensure a stable marketplace.  These panels are research and promotion boards and marketing order of administrative committees.  There are non-government organizations, such as Farmer Coops that also offer opportunities for women to participate actively, but I’ll leave those for discussion at another time.  Government authorized research and promotion boards have developed here in the past several decades to expand markets for various agricultural commodities and to promote research into the production and expanded use of these commodities.  These are boards for fruits and vegetables such as potatoes, mushrooms, and others and for meats including beef and pork and for commodities such as milk, cotton and so on.  The boards are created at the request of commodity producers, processors and marketers.  With some exceptions, research and promotion boards were financed through an assessments, which are also known as check offs, these check offs are monies paid into the research and promotion program by commodity producers, handlers, processors, and importers.  The amount of money paid in is based on the dollar amount or the quantity of a commodity involved in any transaction of that commodity, be it pounds of potatoes or head of cattle.  For example beef transactions are assessed at the rate of one dollar per head of cattle involved in the transaction.  And it should be clear, it is one dollar every time that it changes hands.  In other words, that head of cattle or steer changes hands three times between the time that it left the ranch and it’s slaughtered at a processing plant, that cow generated three dollars.  Research and promotion board activities are used to promote a commodity and expand it’s domestic and export markets, advertising, promotion, education, market research, new products, and processes all help achieve a boards goals.  I’m sure that all of you from the United States are familiar with the Got Milk and the separate milk mustache advertising campaign.  I’m sure you’ve also heard of pork - the other white meat.  That advertising campaign helped transform the image of pork in today’s market place, and you’ve probably heard cotton - the fabric of your life.  These ads continue others for other commodities such as cheese and beef, are the work of research and promotion boards. 

 

I’ll briefly walk you through the process of how a research and promotion program is set up and it’s functions.  Each such program is commodity specific and based in government and aiding legislation.  Until 1996, established a research and promotion board for a given commodity required the US Congress to pass specific legislation to authorized board.  In 1996, however, Congress granted blanket approval for any commodity to request that the Secretary of Agriculture implement a research and promotion program.  Most blanket approval eliminated the requirement for specific legislation, making it a much simpler process to establish research and promotion programs.  I just might mention that just last week a group of avocado growers came to the secretary in my office to begin the process of establishing a national avocado research and promotion board.  The process begins when representation of a specific commodity’s industry requests that a research and promotion program be established.  Our Secretary of Agriculture then issues an order based on industry proposals and requests comment on the proposal.  The order defines the size of the board and the procedures it will follow, and specifies check off rates. Usually, though, not always, a referenda of the affected commodity industry is required prior to the implementation of the program.  It’s not required prior to the implementation a referenda is required at some point to approve program continuation.  Our referenda is simply a vote of all eligible producers, handlers or importers, depending on how the order is written, and generally requires a majority of the people voting as well as a majority of the volume in marketplace represented by the affirmative votes.  With an eye on diversity of membership the Secretary of Agriculture, Ben Glickman, appoints members of the boards from a list of nominees.  The Department of Agriculture specifically, my agency, the Agricultural Marketing Service, oversees the boards and assures that the board complies with the authorizing legislation and regulations.  The boards play a critical role in the vitality and growth of commodity markets both domestic and foreign and improve the quality and expend the uses of their respective commodities.  The programs collect a check off payments and use them to conduct research and promotion efforts.  Those who pay the check off establish and reaffirm the research and promotion programs by referendum voting.  The program can either be terminated by recall referenda.  Approximately 410 million is collected each by the boards under the oversight of my agency. 

 

I just want to put up a listing of these boards so you have a sense of really what the different kinds currently are in existence and the amount of money that they generate.

 

Yes Ma’am.

 

PARTICIPANT: What did your board have to do with leadership?

 


SPEAKER: I’m getting into that point right now.  The boards currently have very little representation of women on them.  It is the secretary’s position, it is my office’s position, that we would like more women in this leadership positions.  These boards, as you can see make decisions on how to spend a lot of money.  Primarily to encourage the consumption of that particular commodity.  The way that the boards currently -- the membership of these boards are currently appointed.

 

PARTICIPANT: Inaudible.

 

SPEAKER: The way that currently these appointments are made, is that depending on the constitution of the board, in other words how the specific language of the board was written, it allows certain entities to nominate people to serve on these boards.  The Farm Bureau is one recognized entity in particular board, for example.  The State Department Commissioner of Agriculture is another recognized entities.  So, what I’m saying is that I think women, in this country at least, that have these boards and commissions in place should begin to exercise more of voice more of a role more of a participation in the most basic of items that we have in our lives, and that is the food.  And these particular boards and commissions are quasi-government entities, that my agency oversees.  And the advertising campaigns are generally to primarily convince women how to make purchasing decisions when they’re walking up and down at the supermarket hallways.  So, I’m sorry that it took so long for me to lead to this punch line, but basically that is what it is.  I’ll give you an example, there’s one board, I won’t name it specifically, that has 111 members and currently it has 7 women as members of the board.  There’s another board that has 26 members and there are only 2 women that are members of the board.  There is a large disparity here in the membership of these boards and the contribution that women can exercise in how to manage these advertising promotion campaigns.

 

PARTICIPANT: I serve on FHA, which is another .......inaudible ........... integrating women seems to be moving along well, as far as immigrating men - women into the usually all male board and the USDA asked by the Farm Bureau and Stated Ag Directors to incur a man --

 

PARTICIPANT: Could we have the discussion at the end --

 

SPEAKER: She’s suggesting that we leave questions until the end because her presentation is complimentary.

 

Just very quickly, yes, yes, we have done that.  Okay.

 


So, the other point that I want to make here is that these are strictly research and promotion boards, there’s a whole other arena called marketing order committees that have a little bit broader definition of just research and promotion.  They include things like, the kinds of standards and grades and packaging of how you can pack a peach or how you can pack a grape and so forth.  With respect to women who are here from outside the US, that do not have, some of the countries may not have these research and promotion boards, I would encourage you to think a little bit more broadly, in the sense that you don’t necessarily have to have boards just that are commodity specific, but I can think of ways how you could establish a board or a commission or a something of, similar to these entities to promote whatever women are producing in those countries.  To organize themselves and to lead some kind of entity so that you can collect from, collectively establish a leadership in that particular commodity, encourage the consumption of that commodity within a specified country. 

 

Lastly, I just want to point out that I encourage any of you that are interested in obtaining more information with regards to these commissions and boards and how women can play more of a leadership role in them, I’ll put an overhead at the end here that lists most of our web pages and web sites, so that if you’re more interested you can readily collect that information.

 

Thank you very much.

 

KATHY McGOWN: My name is Kathy McGown, and I’m from Australia.  And it’s just really coincidental how my work really compliments that presentation.  Just to point out to you, can you see the enormous amount of money going into milk, and floored milk and also dairy.  So, now turn that off, having made that point.

 



So, the project I am going to talk about is how one of those research and development projects in Australia, in particular the dairy industry, has funded a national wide project to get more women onto those boards.  So, they said, we can’t just do it by, we just can’t expect women to go into boards, we’ve got to have a program about doing it.  So, I’ve got a 10 minute presentation of what we did, and after we have the final presentation, hopefully we can some discussion about what we’ve learned and its relevance to other countries.  I’ve also got a little handout here.  It’s called Women in the Dairy Industry. So the Australian Dairy Research and Development Corporation, that works in exactly the same way as that, has a 3 year project to increase the capacity of women to participate in decision making, specifically within the dairy industry.  Now, we do have a lot of other programs in Australia, but I’m just talking about in the dairy industry.  Women set themselves up ......... and I’m a consultant to that project.  Division in my head, I wrote it down I have to laugh it because we’re now in Washington, but I hope that by the time we’ve finished, we will do to agriculture what spring does to the cherry tree.  We will make it beautiful, we will make blossom, we will make it snow differently, and I hope that it transforms how agriculture works.  And in particularly, how the dairy industry in Australia works.  So, that’s Kathy McGown’s decision.  We’ve had four phases of the project.  The first one, when we started, and it’s a three year funded project, but first when started was to research women’s participation.  We should and we didn’t know what women were doing the dairy industry.  So, went and we spoke to women all over Australia, and we said, what’s your participation on farm and in decision making bodies.  So we gathered the data base.  We looked at, we asked the women what various stops in participating and where they were able to participate what were the strengths, what helped them get involved.  So, we documented that information and put it together in a report. That was the first phase.  The second phase we had a program of introducing ourselves, that’s myself and my partner Cheryl Phillips, and the two consultants.  We went to them and spoke to women, we spoke to the industry, manufacturing, the government, whoever was involved in dairy industry, introduced ourselves, and we said this is the project we’d like to work with you.  How would you like to work with us?  So we sent an invitation out, we didn’t sort of say this is what you’ve got to do.  And from those invitations we developed a series of workshops.  And interestingly enough, there’s been a huge diversity of workshops from self-confidence right through to industry structure and organization.  And on requests, we provided those workshops to groups of women.  And it was interesting because the format of  women we’ve been working with is really quite diverse.  We’ve had workshops at our kitchen table, with four and five women, and the kids playing and the grandmother and the aunts and the uncles to speak workshops 50 60 women turning up in a community hall.  And we basically give the women whatever they ask for in some format.  And the women themselves organize it and we come in to provide them what they need.  And the outcomes of those workshops are really interesting.  In the first instance, the women get to know each other.  That might sound obvious, but we’ve started in the dairy industry because the women are so busy working on farm, that they often get very little chance to socialize, so they often don’t know each other.  So, the first thing that happens is that networking.  So the first thing that happens is the networking introducing the women to each other.  And the second thing that happens when women start talking is they find they’ve got so much in common.  Like what do you do with the children when you go down to our dairy or dairy parlor to work.  So I start sharing stories of how they cope.  And out of that comes a real interest that they’ve got so much in common.  Like safety on the dairy, the working with kids, the caring for the old people, employing labor, whatever it is.  So the women then start sharing their stories of how they work together.  And the third outcome from the project has been a one from the women to have greater access to the resources of the industry.  Because then they start discovering about all these programs, here, given out by industry, but there’s very few women that participate.  So the women start saying well, we want education training, we want some listing delivered, but we don’t want them in that, what we in Australia call the pub, the hotel.  And often our meetings take place in the pub, but night time, the women say, well, we would like that information, but could we please have it in the day time, in our hall or our community or school between the hours of 10:00 and 2:00.  Now in Australia those timings are really significant because we have many children that go to school on buses, school buses.  And it’s no good having the meeting really early or really late because the mothers have to be there to put the kids on the school bus and pick them up.  So we found a time in the middle of the day is really important.  The venues important, the timing important.  And third, it’s child care.  We found that if we provide child care in some form, the moms can come and have their kids looked after for a couple of hours and then they can concentrate.  And if we having the meeting in a hall, do you understand what I say about hall?  A community facility.  What often happens is we having the meeting in the supper room and the kids have the hall.  And they get looked after well, so the women can concentrate.  But if there’s someone sick or hurt, then the mother can out and address the child’s needs.  Okay, so that was phase two.  We run these workshops all around Australia.  And the third thing that happened, we had many women who were specifically interested in more day .... I said, okay, now I know what’s going on, but I want to put my hand up to be on a board.  I want to be, but not only an industry board, but women said we want to be on our hospital board, a school board, a kindergarten board, whatever it was. So, the next phase, which is where we are at the moment, is we’ve got a leadership workshop, which is a three day moving training event for women in the dairy industry.  And we’ve operating them all around the country from the, by the government and industry.  So, women do put in some money, but mostly it’s outside funding.  And it’s been the most wonderful project.  And I’ve got some women here, who, hopefully, by themselves can talk about the outcomes.  Some of the dairy farmers who’ve participated in that leadership workshop.  Twenty-five women, three days.  The first part of the day is looking at who you are, your own values, and getting a sense of confidence that, in fact, the industry needs you.  And you’ve got to have all that blossom.  We need each tree to blossom. It’s no good having some dead trees in your midst.  And each tree will blossom differently. So, really supporting the women to be the best person that they can be.  So that’s the first day.  The second day is about industry organization and structure. So we get the heavies from the industry to come and explain how the money’s spent, who gets it, and how it’s used.  And then on the third day, the women develop their own project.  And the projects have been fascinating.  They range from going home and working with their farm family on improving communication through to, in Australia, we’re currently having a big debate about government support for the industry.  So some women have run programs on deregulation for there -- back into their own communities.  So, that’s the third part of the program is the workshops.  And the final part of the program is the establishment of a national network.  Because we’ve made the assumption it’s no good just, it’s very good doing local things and regional things, but if we’re going to blossom with the whole industry, we actually have to work nationally.  So we’ve got a very big contingent of dairy farmers at this conference, I think we’ve got 15 dairy farmers from each state in Australia.  They’ve come to learn about how this sort of thing works to go back home to Australia and do a national women and dairy network.  So that when we put our hands up to the international boards, we know each other, and we can work together, and it’s not going to be one littler person by themselves, but they’ve 2 or 3 and they’ve got a really big network behind them.

 


So, in summary, the dairy project is funded by the dairy industry.  It works with the women, it works with organizations, and it works with manufacturers.  It stops where the women were at, and helps them to do what they’re best able to do.  And in closing, I would like to share with you some of main learnings, because that’s probably the most useful thing for other countries.  We have learned that women are really keen to do part of decision making.  What they need is an offer.  And they need permission from the industry that we want you.  Now that may sound profound, but the women say we don’t want to go there and be look alike men.  We want to go there and be women, mothers, wives, and farmers.  And we want it recognized that we’re mothers of kids, we need child care, we look after our old people.  And that’s been really important because the industry in Australia is now saying, yeah, we want you as mothers, we want you as wives, we want you as dairy farmers, we don’t want anymore look alike men.  We want the feminine qualities.  So that’s been a really big learning, and it has made the women feel so confident.  Secondly, we have learned that women specific activities are really important.  Not to say only, but in Australia we have a wide range of leadership courses and we have quite a few mixed.  And if some not for men only, but some courses that may not have to do because they’re so high up.  But we found out on this scale, that when we have the women only dairy industry, that the women really benefit from being women specific, and that has been an interesting learning for us.  Not to say only will always happen like that, but we hope the women will graduate from doing the women specific program to doing the mixed program and maybe eventually they’ll take up the higher echelon ones, fellowship programs at the  ....., so that’s the second learning.  The third learning we’ve had that industry is has been really came to help us.  And a bit like this conference with the funding, we found that women have gone to industry have been really pleased, not only to funders, but also to assistance and provide support to women.  And I’m really happy to talk a bit about that, because that was a big surprise to us.  We weren’t at all conscious of how much industry really did want women on their boards and did one of our schools.  And women approached and we had a lot of support.  And finally, the learning has been, we have to do this work slowly.  A three project has been really useful, but make it not in a hurry.  We can write to the women already and can work with them. So allowing enough time, to work with the women where the women are at as opposed to the government saying this is what you’re going to do, or the board saying this is what we’re going to do.  To be bumming up in the approach to be where the women want to be has been really important.  And finally the women have asked for skill development.  And skill development has been areas like public speaking, how we get our own confidence, how we get groups running at home, because they don’t want to be just by themselves.  And then that skill of how industry works.  Like if you’re on a board, once you get to have your upper right board so it works properly.  And there’s an enormous amount of knowledge in the system that often our farming women didn’t have it.  So we’re sharing the skills about how that works.  So, I’m really happy to answer questions, but just before I finish, the women who have been part of it, just put your hand up.  Christine, your here; and Vivian is here; and we’ll be happy to have some general discussion from those participants at the end.  So thank you.

 

SPEAKER:   Thank you very much.  You could not have been a better lead into my presentation, either, except that we’ve got a terribly small room and I am planning on you getting up, moving around, and going into groups, and maybe using some of your own skills to help you identify where you are and how you could go home and maybe take some very basic skills to either form an organization in your own country or in your own community, but also to, if you all are ready, in an organization.  How you might strengthen that organization.

 

I have several handouts which I will be giving you, once we have broken into small groups, and I think I’m going to ask you to help pass things out.  

 

I had title my presentation, “Get Organized - Strengthen Agriculture through your Leadership”.  We have heard over and over this week about what percentage of agriculture women and that to me is a real shame if they are loosing that talent which should be on the boards or that should be part of the leadership of our industry.  And what I want you to do is to be thinking about how you can go home, you would not be here if you did not have some leadership skill.  You would not have been chosen among your people or among your group or if you had not had some kind of leadership skill to offer.  So what we want to do is help you kind of direct those skills to give you a few tools when you go home so that you are ready to use those skills to improve agriculture where you are.  We are often, comment is you bloom where you’re planted, well, right now you’re planted in Washington, but that’s only going to be for a week.  You’re all going to go home to a, back to the situation from where you came, and if you cannot take something from this conference that you feel you can use to benefit where you have come from, it would be a real shame.  So, at this time I’d like you to divide into maybe 8 groups and we will move this, these things up so we can move one of the -- couple of the groups up here.  The reason I did that, I was looking at the size of the room and I think that’s going to make 8 to 10 in each group.  This is a big bunch of women in this very small space.  So --

 

Everyone breaks up into groups.  Participants are inaudible.

 


Let’s start with the leader from the back to groups work your way up through.  To tell your three positive things that, I want you to do them on the microphone, so that when they do do a transcript, we’ve got those down.

 

PARTICIPANT: Inaudible.

 

SPEAKER: Okay, one other question before that, is there anybody in this group from North Carolina?

No?  Okay.  We had a reporter who was looking for the eight ladies from North Carolina, and if one of them was in here, we wanted to make sure she found her.

 

PARTICIPANT: I’m Elaine Pepe I’m a booth farmer from Northeastern Victoria in South Eastern Australia. Umm I’m on a couple of a number of advisory boards on ...... One that struck me most important was that you need to know your stuff as we say in Victoria or do your homework before you get wherever you are going.  We need to be looking for women as representatives of diversity and diversity meaning all sorts of differrent ways of representing the other seeming diverse people.  And the people you contact at the very start ring someone up, don’t just put out the notice in the paper.  Make sure there is personal contact like I would say that ...... I thinjk you would be really good at such and such and go for it because I think you have the skills, I see that in you.

 

SPEAKER: That support for each other is going to be very very important. Someone else from back there.  They don’t act like they’re, are you ready?  Come on down.  You evidently are going to be  the ring that they stand in.  That seems to work. 

 

PARTCIPANT:  Oh my gosh I .... here.  I am going to try to do this in English, but if you don’t understand me just tell me.  Ok?  Ok.  We didn’t have enough time to discuss, we didn’t have enough time to discuss that the last suggestion that .....  However, we conclude .... as follow.  It is to provide government support for women who are ..... board candidates.  So, so that those women understnad how to be a board member understand ...... legislation and responsibilities.  We are here because we are going to discuss ideas with other women to gain support and to learn from their experiences like lessons learned from women from other countries.  And in conclusion to elect women in leadership and ....... sometimes women are leaders because because we are leaders.  And it is kills me that gentlement are here and it happens that in other countries that you ask permission to learn to be a leader to be here.  And uh.. If we want to change women work we have to do it, you know.  Its not, its not a battle ..... but in conclusion we don’t don’t let men to get your permission  to be a leader.

 

SPEAKER: Thank you.  Back in that back corner I was trying to get the .... furthest away first.  You still don’t have anything back there?  Ah finally, someone stood up. 

 

PARTICIPANT: Umm, I’m Carolyn McDonnel form Suskwetueen Canada.  Umm the ladies back there are wonderful.  They were helping me more than I think I helped them, but they said that I guess, the thing would be to become an activist.  To lobby your government, and be sure to have a newsletter. 


SPEAKER: I find it interesting that we are getting people from all different countries.  This is great. 

PARTICIPANT: I’m Hillary Whither, a dairy farmer from New Zealand and it is really great to be a part of this workshop and I’ve certainly gained heaps .... and I sure youpeople all have too.  We’ve come up with three quire differrent recommendations.  The first recommendation trealted to the need to have a good program and good training behind you.  And in order to do that you needed to be sklilled enough so that you could move in and grab the opportunities as they came so that you could be there.  You were informed and skilled up so that you could do that.  Now uh... in other words, grab the opportunities.  Part of that too is that you need to educate yourself where there’s gaps.  So for example if you see you have gaps in terms of understanding financials makle yourself informed so that you can move on and understand very important things like financial issues on boards.  Umm you’ll also need to retain your credibility.  Also as part of this good program and training you need to retain your credibility so that when you when you identify a need, ahh you have the credibility, you go and learn about it, and then yuou have the credibility that you understnand these matters.  That’s really important.  So that covers the need to be skilled and trained.  The second issue we came up with was the need for women to have a support network behind them and to identify strengths of the people who are supporting them and accepting support at all level.  And part of that means learning how to listen.  It’s really important if you’ve got a network behind you that you learn how to listen to these people.  They’ve all got something really valuable to contribute.  In other words, twoears in a town, and use them in that proportion.  In other words, use your ears twice as much.  Some of us identify that some women feel the tall poppy syndrome, and we see that the way to prevent having a tall poppy syndrome, I mean that other women may well see you moving forward and want to chop you down.  And in order to, in order to prevent that we saw a way of using the network, informing them, encouraging them, listening to them, and a taking to also bring them up to speed.  And that way, if you bring your supportive network up to speed so that they are with you, you’re educating them, you’re informing them, they won’t want to chop you down because you’ll be part of their team, and they’ll be with you.  Finally, the issue was to exploit gossip.  That’s a really important part of a network.  Exploit gossip, that’s what it’s all about.  Okay, now we are on this board, obviously, we need to be an avenue.  The most important thing when you’re on the board is to realize that you are there because you are the best person for the job, not there just because of your gender.

 

Thank you.

 

SPEAKER: Very good.  Very good.  Although I know some women who are moving up in on boards who starated out as the secretary, because that’s what they expected of her.  And she was wiling to that for awhile, but still has moved on.  You’re next.

 


PARTICIPANT: Thank you.  My name is Karen Oliver, and I’m from southwest Western Austrailia, I’m not an agriculturist, I’m a principal of rural senior high school.  And the group that I was in covered much the same as what the other groups have already said.  But, the suggestions that we came up with was start small.  If you’re going to get a group going then start very small because you can create specific opportunities if you do that.  You make it possible for women to participate.  Obviously, then, you need to provide as much information and knowledge as you can.  And the more knowledge people have, the more powerful they feel.  And there’s no doubt that why that’s a trueism, it is really true.  So think about that.  While I was talking to the group, I suggested taht another thing that you might like to think about is how about we try in the next generation of women so that we don’t do this all over again.  And the third thing was that it was very important to have quality people doing the training.  So anybody you use as a tutor, and don’t overlook the expertise that is available locally, make sure that they are very well trained so that you don’t put people off and you don’t loose people because the workshop actually did nothing for them.  Thank you.

 

SPEAKER: Very good ideas.  Are you the spokesperson here?

 

DOTTIE CLEEK: I’m Dottie Cleek from the Department of Agriculture and we basically agreed with most of the recommendations that the ladies here have made.  I think that we came down to our final conclusions of strategies and our strategies would be to gather information, do a lot of networking at the local levels and work your way up.   We need a good supprot system, and we need to affect change, promote it, and if it’s not what we like, then let’s get rid of it.

 

SPEAKER: I hope you have enjoyed this session.  I want open the floor up to any questions from, that you might have for any of the three of us.  Is there still a group back there?  Is there a group in the middle?  No.  They’ve all had a chance.  Linda.

 

PARTICIPANT: My question to the group is, in my area, my rural area, I live 25 miles from urban center that employs a lot of farm women, and in our church and in our clubs, service clubs, and in farm organizations, we find that the young women do not want to take part, they do not have time to take part, and it’s going to be becoming a real problem of who’s going to do the community service when these women continue to work.  And I just wondered if you’re seeing that problem in your communities.

 

AUDIENCE: Yes.

 

SPEAKER: And have you a suggestion how we solve it?

 


PARTICIPANT: I’m Marty Fitzer from New South Wales in Australia.  And I that lady’s question tapped into something that someone mentioned before.  What happens?  The same thing that’s happening in our country. The young women are working off farms, they don’t have the time, they really see that if they’re going to work they’re going to do paid work.  And I see in the community where I grew up that this really creates a lot of conflict with the older women feeling that the younger women are choosing a different path.  They’re resentful that no one is taking on the Red Cross and the church work.  And it’s a source of conflict, and I think it’s really a potential, very big problem in our country.  And, I think both sides need to value what the other side has done.  I think it’s really a good case of women needing to support women rather than tearing each other down, because I often say that the young women are trying to create a path for themselves, which is different from your mothers.  They’re not being disrespect - respectful to what their mothers have done, but often their mothers and the elderly women in the community are the ones who are stopping them rather than the men stopping them to take opportunities.  So, I don’t know the solution, but I think women have really got to care for women in that instance and not be their own worst enemy.

 

PARTICIPANT:  My name is Fiona McKenzie, I work in a university, and the university I work in has had a women in leadership program for the last five years.  It has had far reaching influence in the university, but a couple of very simple strategies that I learned very early on being part of the women in leadership group at the university.  A really simple one was when we, we were encouraged as women, when we go into a room set up for a meeting that we don’t automatically sit at the end or the side.  But, we are the first ones there, we are entitled to sit at the head of the table.  That we are so socialized that we take the secondary position all the time.  The second thing that I learned very early on was to have a goal, that no one is going to punish you because you’ve had a goal.  If you continually doubt yourself or continue to apologize for your actions, no one is going to give you credit for the good things that you have done.  So don’t be your own worst enemy.  You must put yourself up and have a goal.

 

Thank you, Fiona. That was a great introduction to what I was going to say.  In our country, in the early days of suffrage, I’m alone from Australia.  Um, in the early days of suffrage in Australia in about the 1900's ..........had a song for women, don’t be too polite girls.  I can see a couple of my compatriots, one in particular, cringing at what I’m about to say.   I’m in one advisory counsel to ..... I get paid $150.00 to go to a meeting.  The meeting’s four and half hours of actual .......... I do a hell of a lot of work.  I have just completed a consultancy with three other women.  We have saved our government around about $2,000 in consultancy.  For that, I have had the privilege of sleeping in a three and a half star hotel in the city and free first class train, train travel.  So, I’m going to go on being polite, because I also sit in two other advisory committees.  And now my government has sent me here, that prides me to come to America, tremendous privilege, but now they’ve opened up the door and I’ve let loose a lot. .......... not going to be too polite.  I’m going to start asking for recompense for my work.  Any man who represents my country goes on work time.  My salary is being earned on my farm by my husband and a neighbor, who are having to pay, because I’m not there, I don’t do a great deal of farm work, but the books are now behind.  The books will be further behind when I get home in three weeks time.  I have to know that they are going to pay me to do it.  So, I’m going to start asking, I’m not going to be too polite.  I’ll still be fairly polite, but not as much as I used to be.

 

INTERPRETER: My name is Maria Enescapalan, I’m Mexican.  I don’t know what, I’m going to disagree a bit with what was said earlier.  I don’t think you need university education to be a leader.  I received a high school level of education in Mexico in organic farming and I’m a leader now to my female friends who work with me in companeros, my female friends.  I think its efficient to understand what we’re doing and to know how to communicate with other people, that is to be able to teach others, and to ask for help for other companeros, they are behind us and working with us. 


PARTICIPANT: Hi!  I’m Amber Miller and I represent the National FFA Organization.  And I just wanted.  Oh, sorry, for the tape. And I just wanted to address the question on youth that was asked earlier, about women being involved.  And I just wanted to say that the National FFA Organization now has one third of our membership that is represented by females, and we also have fifty percent of our leadership positions that are held by females.  So some youth across the United States that are females are seeing the importance of agriculture and our becoming involved in leadership positions.

 

SPEAKER: I want to sum up.  You will find, you did put the papers at the back, at the back of room there are some papers that I prepared for you, for you to pick up on your way out of the room.  I want to thank you for being involved, participating, and making this a really exciting session.  I am President of American Agri Women and started out as a dairy farm wife with spending most of my time in the dairy parlor, so, you can move forward and move up, and to be involved and President of a national organization is really exciting.  I have a question right here.

 

PARTICIPANT: Inaudible.

 

SPEAKER: Do we have a talent bank of farm women?  You mean an actually listing of what they can do?  We’re working on it.

 

And we do have a web site, americanagriwomen.com, with no hyphens and all small letters.  So, if you want to touch base with us after you get home, we’d sure love to hear from you.  Thank you so much for your time.

 

MEDIATOR: Not wanting to take over the show, I just want to say thank you to our three presenters, to our gentleman and to the two women who have done such a terrific of facilitating this great discussion.  So thank you, all three of you.